2021 Part 1: The Aftermath of the Election

Not yet posted. Continue reading

Savior or villain?

Deciding how to approach this subject was very difficult. Just listing the events of early January of 2021 would be one possibility, but the period was so bizarre and such a unique moment in American history that it seemed necessary to supply a good deal of context. At the center was, of course, Donald J. Trump. Almost half of the country considered him a great president, if not the second coming of Christ. The rest of us looked at his very well-documented history and recognized a spoiled rotten, lying, cheating, cowardly, philandering, racist, misogynistic, selfish, godless, bullying criminal whose only association with any government should be in the confines of the penal system.

The first group was apparently convinced (or let themselves believe) that the election had been rigged or stolen or some combination of both. How did they come to this conclusion? I don’t know. All of their lawsuits (save one) were dismissed out of hand even by judges that Trump had appointed. Perhaps they were prompted by Trump’s continued insistence over the preceding few months that the only way that he could lose was if the election was rigged. Some were probably swept away by the enthusiastic reception he got at his carefully staged rallies. Some may have been persuaded by Fox “News” and other media outlets that served as megaphones and echo chambers for his claims. Some may have been persuaded by their pastors that the preservation of the (white) Christian religion required that this psychopathic narcissist be elected.

Trump himself set the stage for this. He has always called himself a winner. He started his business with his nine-figure inheritance, but his whole “empire” was on the verge of bankruptcy. Many of his companies ended in abject failure. His TV show won a few Emmys, but they lost in the last few years to The Great Race because, according to him, the elections were rigged.

Hilary Clinton got three million more votes than he did in 2016. He never accepted this fact even though his hand-picked people could find no evidence whatever to support his oft-repeated repeated lie that he had somehow won the popular vote. To the best of my knowledge he has never admitted that he made a mistake or even a questionable decision. Everything that he does is as “perfect” as the phone call that he made to Volodymyr Zelensky on July 25, 2019.1

To me he was a dangerous and evil person. Fortunately he was not very smart, and he was stunningly ignorant.


Loeffler and Warnock.

Georgia: Most eyes were on the runoff election on January 5 for the two U.S. Senate Seats. Rev. Raphael Warnock was challenging the incumbent Republican, Kelly Loeffler (who had been appointed by the governor), and Jon Ossoff faced off against the incumbent Republican David Perdue. The polls showed indicated that both races would be too close to call.

Ossoff and Perdue.

Trump traveled to Georgia and held a few rallies, but he did not really promote either Republican candidate or even attack the Democrats. Instead he insisted without any evidence that he had been cheated, both in Georgia and in the other “swing” states. The people that he mostly attacked were two Republicans, Governor Brian Kemp and Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger. He also called on both of them to resign.

Trump had telephoned Raffensperger on January 2. He urged him to use any means he could to overturn the election in Georgia. Raffensperger recorded the call. Trump’s exact words were “What I want to do is this. I just want to find, uh, 11,780 votes, which is one more than [the 11,779 vote margin of defeat] we have, because we won the state.” He also phoned officials in at least two other states to urge them commit election fraud and overturn the authenticated results.

The two attorneys who had crafted and presented many of Trump’s losing lawsuits, Sidney Powell (a woman) and Lin Wood (a man) held a rally in Alpharetta, GA, in which they encouraged Republicans not to vote in the runoff election! Perhaps some Republicans were persuaded. In any rate both Warnock and Ossoff were elected on January 5. So, after the two winners took their oaths of office, Congress contained fifty senators from each party.


January 6: While most Democrats were celebrating the victories in Georgia and fashioning their legislative agenda, Trump and his minions focused their attention on a ceremony that always occurred for the Capitol. A joint session of the Congress was scheduled for 1 o’clock on January 6 to receive the electoral counts from the states. The President of the Senate, Vice President Mike Pence would then presumably utter the words that made the election official: “The announcement of the state of the vote by the president of the Senate shall be deemed a sufficient declaration of the persons elected president and vice president of the United States.” This ritual had been performed after each election. When it was implemented in the eighteenth century it took days to get from some states, where the votes had been counted and the electors chosen, to arrive at the capital. As long as one candidate had a majority of the electors, there had never been any controversy of note.

Trump and/or his minions had long ago targeted this day as the final step2 in preventing Biden’s inauguration. Their primary hope was to pressure Mike Pence into refusing to validate the results. The secondary hope was to pressure the states, some of which were controlled by Republicans, to submit an alternate slate of electors who had supported Trump.

Trump had tweeted at 1:42 in the morning on December 19, making reference to an analysis by Peter Navarro3: “Statistically impossible to have lost the 2020 Election. Big protest in D.C. on January 6th. Be there, will be wild!”

National Public Radio posted a timeline of the events of January 6 in and out of Washington. It can be viewed here. It is stunning to read because it makes it very clear that this was an organized and coordinated attempt to thwart the wishes of the people—Trump lost by eight million votes!—and violate the spirit and letter of the law through the deployment of a bunch of deluded fascistic vigilantes.

A rally was scheduled to take place on the Ellipse just south of the White House. Trump addressed the crowd,a large percentage of which were outfitted in camos and military gear, in person. He stood in front of a line of American flags. The White House was visible behind him. He spoke for an hour, which was rather short for him. He emphasized that the election had been stolen from him and that it was up to patriots like those assembled in front of him to fight—a word that he used in one form or another twenty times in the speech—for a just resolution of this outrage.

He concluded his speech just as the Speaker of the House, Nancy Pelosi, was convening the joint session. His last words were “We’re going to the Capitol. We’re going to try and give them [Republicans] the kind of pride and boldness that they need to take back our country.”

Too far for ‘Ol Bonespurs to walk.

Needless to say, Ol’ Bonespurs had no intention of personally leading his ragamuffin army to the Capitol. Instead he returned to the White House and tweeted. His twenty-five tweets for that day have been archived here.

The plan did not work, but it was almost a disaster. The attack on the Capitol was not repulsed until after 6PM. After many interruptions by right-wing congressmen Pence finally uttered the magic phrase at 3:43 on the morning of January 7. Because of the outlandish lies and the dog-whistle calls for violence Facebook and Twitter both suspended Trump’s accounts.

The articles of impeachment.

On January 11 a single article of impeachment charging Trump with “incitement of insurrection” against the U.S. government and “lawless action at the Capitol” was introduced to the House of Representatives. It was passed two days later with ten Republicans and all the Democrats voting in favor.

Although almost every senator—even Lindsey Graham—had denounced Trump’s attempted coup, the vote in the Senate for conviction on February 13 was 57-43, far short of the 67 votes needed for conviction. Most Republicans argued that even the process of impeachment would do more harm than good and/or that it was not legal to impeach a former president. Few, if any, had much to say about the criminality of Trump’s actions.

Over the next two years almost one thousand people were charged with crimes related to the attempted coup. Hundreds pleaded guilty or were convicted. At least one hundred have been sentenced to prison. Two leaders of the Oath Keepers were convicted of seditious conspiracy. Trump has several times promised to consider pardoning everyone involved in the attempted coup if he is elected president in 2024..


1. The first impeachment of President Trump is described here.

Proud Boys.

2. I had feared that Trump would just not leave. I hypothesized that he would gather together the Proud Boys, the Oath Keepers, and others of their ilk and order them to protect him. He might even order members of the armed forces and/or the Secret Service to join him in a coup. I was not a bit sure that the military could be counted on to defend the orderly transition of power after the president, their Commander in Chief, had been calling the election “rigged” (by a party not in power!) for at least six months.

3. Navarro’s training and experience are in economics, not statistics. However, he was never shy about voicing radical opinions beyond his expertise. He was also one of the most vocal advocates of the worthless drug hydroxychloroquine as a treatment for COVID-19 and disparaged actions endorsed by the public health community.

2020 Part 2: The Election

Too close to call? Continue reading

The year 2020 began with the two major parties facing contrasting challenges:

Zelensky and his principal phone.
  • The Republicans had only one serious candidate, President Trump, who had just been impeached by the House of Representatives because his telephone call with the President of Ukraine, Volodymyr Zelensky, clearly indicated that he was holding up military aid passed by Congress in hope that Zelensky would do him a political favor first. At that point the Russians had already seized Crimea and had covertly invaded eastern provinces. The party held a few early primaries but called off most of them for lack of interest.
  • The Democrats, on the other hand, had a large number of candidate, probably too many. The front-runner was Bernie Sanders, the liberal senator from Vermont who was not afraid of being labeled a socialist. The party had eleven so-called debates among the candidates! It also had a large number of heavily contested primaries.
Republicans were expected to toe the line.

The impeachment trial occurred in the Senate from January 22-February 5. The Democrats asked for the ability to call witnesses. 51 Republicans voted this request down. In the end all of the Republican senators voted against the charge of contempt of Congress. Mitt Romney was the only senator to vote in favor of the charge of abuse of power.

On January 14 a “debate” was held among six Democratic contenders in Des Moines, IA. Senators Sanders, Klobuchar, and Warren, Joe Biden, Pete Buttigieg, the Mayor of South Bend, IN, and someone else participated. I did not watch. I have always found these events too embarrassing to watch.

Popular in Iowa and New Hampshire.

During the impeachment trial the senators all needed to stop campaigning in order to attend. The Iowa caucus on February 3 was a gigantic mess for the Democrats. They tried to use an app, but it malfunctioned. Later they recanvassed and determined that it was a virtual tie between Sanders and Buttigieg.

The New Hampshire primary was on February 11. Sanders and Buttigieg split the eighteen delegates evenly. This was bitter news for Warren, who expected to do well in a neighboring state.

Biden and Clyburn.

For some reason the media decided that the most important primary was in South Carolina, a state in which no Democrat could possibly win at any point in the foreseeable future, on February 29. It turned on the endorsement of Jim Clyburn, the most powerful Democrat in South Carolina, allegedly because Biden promised to appoint a black woman to the Supreme Court if elected. After Biden’s victory in South Carolina, Klobuchar and Buttigieg dropped out and endorsed Biden.

Bloomberg did poorly in the debate.

On March 3, Super Tuesday, Biden won ten states, Sanders won four, and Mayor Mike Bloomberg won American Samoa. Warren and Bloomberg dropped out, leaving only Biden and Sanders as serious candidates. I was astounded and quite disappointed that the best that the party could come up with were two guys who were even older than Trump! He could even claim to be the youthful candidate.

A week later Biden won four fairly large states, and Sanders prevailed only in North Dakota.

Most of the remaining primaries were postponed or, in New York’s case, canceled because of the rapid spread of COVID-19. All of the center-left candidates gave their support to Biden. Not even Senator Warren1 endorsed Sanders.

On June 15 Louis DeJoy became postmaster general. He immediately implemented cost-saving methods including banning overtime and the removal of mail sorting machines. Because of COVID-19 many states began to expand or even require mail-in balloting. On July the Postal Service announce that it would not be able to meet some state deadlines. On August 18 in response to lawsuits from several states DeJoy rolled back his cost-cutting measures, but most of the sorting machines targeted for removal were already gone. On August 21 and 24 DeJoy testifies before the Senate and House that the USPS will do its job. On September a federal judge issued a preliminary injunction prohibiting DeJoy’s changes because they were “politically motivated”.

This guy probably survived the Tulsa rally.

On June 20 Trump held his first rally in Tulsa, OK. Attendance was far short of Trump’s prediction of almost a million. The actual attendance was probably less than ten thousand. Herman Cain was there without a mask. He got COVID-19 there or somewhere else and died on July 31. Despite the rising death count due to the pandemic, Trump continued to hold rallies both indoors and outdoors throughout the summer and fall. God only knows how many of his own followers died because of his election strategy.

Bernie campaigned hard everywhere.

The last primary in the nation was in Connecticut on August 11, the same day that Biden announced that his running mate would be Kamala Harris. Because I had voted by mail a week or so earlier, that did not affect my choice. The options were Joe Biden, Bernie Sanders, and Uncommitted. I voted for Uncommitted. Biden got nearly 85 percent of the vote. My candidate got 2.26 percent, which was more than Tulsi Gabbard received. This may have been the least important vote in the history of elections.

The convention started six days later. The Republican show began on August 24. Because of the fact that the results were predetermined and COVID-19 was still rampant, the parties did not really convene. Instead, they both took advantage of the free TV time to put on shows promoting their ideas and people. Of course, the Republicans only had one idea (more of the same) and one exalted person.

I did not watch any portion of either convention. I saw a few clips on Twitter.

On September 1, more than two months before the election, an article on the news website Axios stated that if more Democrats than Republicans voted by mail—as seemed very likely—any results from election night might falsely skew toward a landslide victory by Trump.

It is hard to believe in retrospect, but much of the media attention during the summer was on Black Lives Matter protests concerning police violence and the response from right-wingers. They had better optics than Trump’s ceaseless rallies and Biden’s masked drop-in visits.

On September 18 Ruth Bader Ginsburg died at age 87. She was a remarkable woman, but her refusal to retire during the Obama administration was, to me, unforgivably arrogant. It has exacted a huge cost.

On September 26 Trump nominated federal circuit judge Amy Coney Barrett to succeed Ginsburg on the Supreme Court. At least eight attendees at the nomination ceremony subsequently tested positive for COVID-19.

The New York Times on September 27 published summaries of Trump’s tax returns for fifteen years, in ten of which he paid no income tax. Trump, of course, dismissed the article as “fake news”.

On September 29 the first extremely chaotic presidential debate took place. At least eleven people involved in it got COVID-19. I did not watch, and I did not get COVID-19.

Both Trump and his wife tested positive two days later. The following day Pence and his wife tested positive. Trump was taken to Walter Reed Medical Center where he was treated with dexamethosone and remdesvir, which were not generally available at the time. While still in the hospital he took an unmasked victory lap in his limo. He was released after three days and pronounced himself “immune”, but he was still experiencing coughing fits on October 8.

The second debate was canceled because Trump refused to participate unless it was face-to-face.

Trump began making personal appearances on October 10, and shortly thereafter he started to appear at rallies throughout the country. Biden’s campaign was much more low-key, and Biden almost always wore a mask.

On October 26, a week and a day before the election, the senate confirmed Amy Coney Barrett. One Republican, Susan Collins of Maine, and all Democrats vote against her.

On October 27 the White House science office released a memo that said that “Ending the COVID pandemic” was the greatest accomplishment of Trump’s career. Someone in the White House staff had apparently read a newspaper or listened to the news at some point in the last few months. The statement was quickly withdrawn.

Throughout the summer and the fall Republicans filed lawsuits in many state courts in an attempt to throw out various kinds of ballots or extensions of time periods for voting. This strategy was understandable. For the last three decades whenever the turnout was high, the Republicans had lost, and the demographics had worsened for them considerably. A primary element of their strategy had been to restrict voting in every possible way. On November 1 and 2 a Republican suit to dismiss 127,000 drive-through votes in Harris County, TX, was rejected by the the Texas Supreme Court and a federal judge.

On November 1 and 2 Trump attended ten different rallies in swing states! Since he seldom spoke for less than an hour, I wonder how his handlers got him to all of those places. Pence and the Democrats campaigned a lot less.

On election day, November 3, the voting and counting went smoothly almost everywhere. However, the USPS previously claimed that 300,000 ballots that it had received had not been scanned as delivered. It then disobeyed a court order to search for them.

At 11:20 p,m. Fox News named Biden the winner in Arizona, the first state to flip from the 2016 results. Trump and the Republicans were furious at the network for doing so. They had been painting a picture of a Trump landslide from early returns from early returns that mostly did not count mail-in ballots. This was exactly what the Axios article predicted.

At 2:30 a.m. on November 4 Trump claimed “Frankly, we did win the election.” It was lie #30,001 of his presidency, perhaps the biggest one of all. At 6 p.m. the Associated Press awarded Wisconsin and Michigan to Biden. He therefore needed to win only one of the four remaining states: Georgia, North Carolina, Nevada, and Pennsylvania.

On November 5 a bevy of ludicrous lawsuits by Trump supporters in those states were dismissed while the counting continued.

Rudy Giuliani at the Four Seasons (Total Landscaping).

On November 7 all the major networks reported that Biden won Pennsylvania and therefore the election. The Republican litigation machine, however, was just getting warmed up. It filed more than sixty lawsuits challenging the methods or the results. All but one was rejected; it was a ruling that extended the deadline for receipt of mail-in ballots in Pennsylvania for three days. The effect was negligible.

When all was said2 and done, the election was not a close one. Biden received more than seven million votes than Trump, and the margin in the Electoral College was 84. Of the last four states only North Carolina went into Trump’s column.

So, then President Trump graciously conceded defeat and, like all of his predecessors, participated whole-heartedly in a smooth and seamless transfer of power and responsibility.

Uh, not exactly. Trump, who had also claimed that he had been cheated by a rigged Emmy award system3 and that he had actually won the popular vote in 2016, never conceded defeat. Instead, he insisted that he had been the victim of what he called “The Big Steal”. Several aides later claimed that they heard him say that he would never leave the White House.

He was still there at the end of 2020. A description of the electoral brouhaha of 2021 can be found here.


The other races: The Democrats lost some seats in the House of Representatives, but they still maintained a majority.

The Republicans had controlled the Senate, but the Democrats picked up a few seats, which brought their number up to 48 from 45. The two seats in the state of Georgia remained to be decided in a special runoff election to be held on January 5, 2021. Rev. Raphael Warnock challenged Kelly Loeffler, who had been appointed senator by Governor Brian Kemp in January of 2020. Jon Ossoff vied for the seat that had been held by David Perdue for six years. Since Biden had carried Georgia, it was considered plausible that the Democrats might unseat one or both incumbents. However, Biden’s victory margin was only 17,000 votes.

What a contrast between the two candidates! Loeffler and Perdue were both CEO’s who were accused of using insider information when they both unloaded large quantities of stock just before the market crashed. Warnock was a black pastor, and Ossoff was a Jewish documentary film producer and investigative journalist. No black man had ever been elected to the Senate from a former Confederate state. Both Perdue and Loeffler loudly proclaimed that they had actually won in November, and they called for the resignation of Georgia’s Republican Secretary of State, Brad Raffensperger. He told them (and later, Trump) to go pound sand.

The key would be turnout. Republicans did everything they could to suppress the turnout. I joined many others in supporting Stacy Abrams’s Fair Fight campaign to get out the vote. I sent them $100. It worked. Both Warnock and Ossoff won. Warnock defeated Loeffler by more than two percentage points. Ossoff’s margin was smaller, but it exceeded Biden’s margin over Trump.

So, the Senate would consist of fifty Republicans and fifty Democrats. Ties would be broken by the President of the Senate, who was the newly elected Vice-President, Kamala Harris. No one foresaw this outcome.


1. I was hoping that I might at least get a chance to vote for Warren in the primary. She seemed like the only candidate with specific ideas. The other reasons that I liked her were enumerated here.

2. Well, actually a lot more was said and done in the fantasy land of Trump supporters.

3. During the last debate with Hilary Clinton Trump claimed that the presidential election was probably rigged. Clinton replied that he had made the same charge against the Emmy awards. Trump’s “reality” show, The Apprentice, was nominated for four Emmy awards and lost to The Great Race each time. I never saw either show, and for all I know, the results may have been rigged. It certainly would not surprise me if most of the voters hated Trump. Practically everyone who ever dealt with him despised him.

Beats Me

Some things that make no sense to me. Continue reading

I am already old. I fear that I will never understand some things. Or maybe I do.

Why can virtually any American buy a handgun and why do so many people want to? A handgun is good for one thing and one thing only — killing someone or something at close range. It might be useful for putting a horse with a broken leg out of its misery. Otherwise, the only reasonable use is to kill another person (or oneself).

Handguns are worthless for hunting for the simple reason that almost no one can hit anything at any distance with a handgun. When I was in the army I could hit a man-sized target with an M-16 rifle at distances up to 300 meters. With a .45 caliber handgun I could not hit the same type of target at ten meters when I shot “from the hip” — with the gun at waist level. I was only little more accurate when I was allowed to take careful aim. The rest of the people trying to qualify with the .45 were only a little more accurate.

The officers responding to the shooting at the Empire State Building got off sixteen shots. One of them hit the perpetrator. Here is what CNN reported about the remaining shots:

Police Commissioner Ray Kelly said the (eleven) bystanders were not hit directly by police, but rather the officers’ struck “flowerpots and other objects around, so … their bullets fragmented and, in essence, that’s what caused the wounds.”

I have personal familiarity with this phenomenon. After I had finished firing my rounds when trying to qualify with the .45, I could see that about half of my bullets had hit the target. Of those, about half were ricochets, which make rectangular holes, rather than direct hits, which make round holes. The sergeant who gave me a passing grade said that I had achieved the required 75 percent mark because “some of those holes look like they have several bullets in them.”

Many people claim that they need their handguns for self-defense. Nonsense. I can understand wanting body armor or Wonder Woman’s bracelets to defend oneself against someone with a gun, but of what use is a gun? Are people planning on shooting the other guy’s bullets in mid-air before they reach them? Or maybe they expect to be able shoot the gun out of the other person’s hand as the Lone Ranger often did on TV in “those thrilling days of yesteryear.” I don’t think so. They either hope to kill the “bad guy” — or maybe deter him.

Some studies have indeed shown that handguns can have a small deterrent effect on crime, but those studies refer to the crime rate, not murder, and they generally refer to gun ownership, not handgun possession. I suppose that a potential victim might conceivably deter a thief, especially an unarmed thief, if the latter knows that the subject has a gun (within reach). No one can convince me that it would deter a murderer with a gun, especially not a psychopath like the guy who shot up the theater showing the Batman movie or the white supremacist who mistook Sikhs for Arabs. All that the gunman needs to do is wait until the subject is within range and then shoot first. I suppose that one could use the “Bungalow Bill” approach — “if looks could kill, it would have been us instead of him” — but shooting first while deferring questions until later is frowned on in many circles. In some states you might even get some prison time.

It is a well established fact that in industrialized countries the murder rate is closely connected to the rate of handgun ownership. The strength of the correlation is so great that it approaches causation.

One other point: Handguns are long and hard, they heat up in your hand, and they ejaculate bullets. Would Freud find it strange that most people who murder with them are frustrated males?

Why are cigarettes legal? I remember reading the Surgeon General’s report on smoking when I was in high school, from which I graduated over forty-six years ago. Why in the world do we still allow anyone to sell products that cause cancer, emphysema, and all kinds of other horrible things and are smelly, useless, and highly addictive to boot? How is it possible that one can still buy these noxious objects almost anywhere?

Not long ago the obvious answer was the tobacco lobby. Now, however, I think that the state governments have become addicted to tobacco sales. In the Land of Steady Habits the cigarette tax is now $3.40 per pack. In the 2010 fiscal year the state took in over $500 million because of cigarette smokers in a time of severe fiscal crisis. If this source of revenue dried up, the crisis would have been much worse.

I don’t care. Tax me. I don’t want my friends and relatives dying from lung cancer.

Why is television so awful? Don’t get me wrong; I do not long for the golden years of TV. American television has always been awful. Temple Houston was no better than American Hoggers. The Monkees won an Emmy in 1967. In the old days, however, there were only three networks. Now there are hundreds. One might suspect that the law of large numbers should now be working for us, but that does not seem to be the case.

I can only remember one program in the last thirty years that excited me, Terry Jones’ four-part series on the Crusades. As I recall it was used to promote the launch of the History Channel, which now is dominated by shows about ghost-hunting and UFO’s. O tempora, o mores!

What is the justification for the Electoral College? Let us pass over without mentioning that it is obviously ridiculous that the three electors from Wyoming represent about 190,000 people each while the ones from California represent over 677,000 people. The biggest problem, to my way of thinking, is that the candidates now concentrate all of their pandering on the so-called swing states. The candidates think that the only state in New England is New Hampshire, and even those who wish to “Live Free or Die” are forgotten after the primary is over.

If there were no Electoral College, everyone’s vote would count the same. Neither candidate could write off a state just because it looked hopeless. The candidates would have to advertise just as heavily in Connecticut as they do in Ohio.

Wait a minute. Forget that I mentioned this one.

Why do we declare war on concepts? First there was the war on poverty, then the war on drugs, and then the war on terror. Use of the word “war” provides cover for politicians because it is considered unpatriotic to question a war no matter how idiotic the justification or how great the cost.

Here is the essence of the problem: When you declare war on a country, the war is over when the country’s government or military leaders surrender. Unfortunately, concepts cannot surrender. A secondary result is that the nation’s leaders tend to employ military tactics and personnel to solve the problem whether they are appropriate or not. The synergy of these two issues is devastating: since a military leader never admits defeat unless there is literally a gun at his head, the “war” can never end!

When the concept is a tactic, the use of the military can obviously be counterproductive. When we bombed Tokyo and Dresden, there was not much resentment outside of Japan and Germany, and the native people were already our enemies. The Chinese, for example, did not wish to join up with the Japanese out of sympathy. In contrast, when we bomb places that hold terrorists in the middle of neutral or allied countries, the families and friends of the dead can easily become angry and resentful enough to join the cause of the terrorists. When the dead people are “collateral damage,” the likelihood is even greater.

Finally, by changing the meaning of words the government opens the door to abuses by other institutions. Putin used the “war on terror” and the Bush Doctrine of preemptive war to justify his crackdown in Chechnya. Funding for the war on terror has apparently become a lucrative profit center for the government of Yemen. The funds will only stop flowing if the government’s anti-terrorism effort succeeds. Can anyone see a potential problem here?

Why are Americans not outraged about preventive detention? I always thought that perhaps the most important principle on which our republic is based was the right to a trial. Surely, this is an inalienable right that is not linked to where we or our parents were born. Indefinite detention of individuals is therefore the most abusive use of governmental power, but its use in Guantanamo (for eleven years!) has generated almost no public outcry whatever. President Obama promised that he would put an end to the practice, but that statement is no longer operative. In plain English it was a lie.

Do people in the United States not know that there are still 197 human beings who, although they have never been charged with a crime, are still being held in Cuba? Or do Americans just not care? I think that it is probably a case of “out of sight, out of mind,” but this might be a result of the high regard that I hold for the moral fiber of my fellow citizens.

It is worth noting that the Obama administration has designated forty-six individuals for “indefinite detention.” I presume this means that they will be held until we win the war on terror or they die, whichever comes first.